Bioequivalence of pyridostigmine bromide dispersible tablets in rabbits / 南方医科大学学报

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To compare the pharmacokinetic parameters of pyridostigmine bromide dispersible tablets and common tablets in rabbits.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Twelve rabbits were given an oral dose (60 mg) of pyridostigmine bromide dispersible tablets or common tablets in a randomized crossover study. The plasma concentration of pyridostigmine bromide was determined by reversed-phase ion pair chromatography. The pharmacokinetic parameters were calculated using DAS2.1.1 software.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The pharmacokinetic parameters showed no significant differences in rabbit plasma between pyridostigmine bromide dispersible tablets and common tablets. The two tablets had a C(max) of 1.83∓0.08 mg·L(-1) and 1.68∓0.03 mg·L(-1), tmax of 2.33∓0.41 h and 2.58∓0.20 h, AUC(0-24) of 15.50∓0.62 mg·h·L(-1) and 15.14∓0.30 mg·h·L(-1), AUC(0-∞) of 15.82∓0.70 mg·h·L(-1) and 15.57∓0.32 mg·h·L(-1), respectively. The relative bioavailability F(0-24) was 102.38% and F(0-∞) was 101.61% for the dispersible tablets.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The two tablets are bioequivalent in rabbits.</p>

Pharmacokinetic study of a new chewing gum dextromethorphan delivery system / 南方医科大学学报

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To establish an high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC)-based method for analysis of the pharmacokinetics and relative bioavailability of dextromethorphan chewing gum tablets in rabbits.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The pharmacokinetic parameters and the relative bioavailability of dextromethorphan chewing gum preparation in rabbits were compared with those of the commercially available chewing dextromethorphan tablets using 3P97 software.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Pharmacokinetic analysis of the new dextromethorphan chewing gum tablets showed a AUC of 488.76 ∓ 175.00 ng.ml(-1).h, C(max) of 95.45 ∓ 17.53 ng/ml, and t(max) of 1.83 ∓ 0.57 h as compared with the corresponding parameters of 370.13 ∓ 90.56 ng.ml(-1).h, 174.00 ∓ 47.88 ng.ml, and 1.04 ∓ 0.14 h for the commercially available chewing tablets. The relative bioavailability of the new chewing gum medicine system was (140.73 ∓ 65.91)%.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The new dextromethorphan chewing gum preparation shows an increased AUC((0→)), decreased C(max), and prolonged t(max) in comparison with the commercially available chewing tablets, with also a greatly enhanced relative bioavailability.</p>

Treatment of late complication of colon interposition for corrosive esophageal burns

Colon redundancy and adhesional obstruction after colonic interposition for corrosive esophageal burns, leading to poor quality of life and malnutrition in young adults, often require surgical revision. Herein, we present our lessons and experiences regarding managements of the late and untoward complications which occurred in the postoperative 15th year following the initial colon interposition. And we review the literatures in the discussion. Prolonged surgical follow-up and appropriate management of coloplasty dysfunction are important for long-term success after colon interposition for corrosive esophageal burns

Predictors of postoperative myasthenic crisis in patients with myasthenia gravis after thymectomy / 中华医学杂志(英文版)

<p><b>BACKGROUND</b>Thymectomy is considered the most effective treatment in patients with myasthenia gravis. This study aimed to explore the predictors of postoperative myasthenic crisis in patients with myasthenia gravis after thymectomy.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Clinical records of 243 patients with myasthenia gravis who underwent thymectomy were reviewed retrospectively. The following factors were analyzed in relation to the occurrence of myasthenic crisis after thymectomy: gender, age, duration of symptoms, Osserman stage, history of myasthenic crisis, concomitant diseases, preoperative pyridostigmine dose, preoperative steroid therapy, operation approach, operation time, presence of thymoma, major postoperative complications.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Forty-four patients experienced postoperative myasthenic crisis during the first month after thymectomy. Univariate analysis revealed that Osserman stage (RR = 0.0976, P = 0.000), history of myasthenic crisis (RR = 0.2309, P = 0.012), preoperative pyridostigmine dose (RR = 0.4349, P = 0.016), thymoma (RR = 0.0606, P = 0.000), and major postoperative complications (RR = 0.1094, P = 0.000) were significantly related to postoperative myasthenic crisis. Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that Osserman stage (IIb + III + IV) (RR = 0.0953, P = 0.000), thymoma (RR = 0.0294, P = 0.000), and major postoperative complications (RR = 0.0424, P = 0.000) independently predict postoperative myasthenic crisis.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Osserman stage (IIb + IIIb + IV), thymoma and major postoperative complications are independent predictors of postoperative myasthenic crisis in patients with myasthenia gravis who underwent thymectomy.</p>

Thymectomy for myasthenia gravis by video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery through right anterior-lateral approach / 中华外科杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To evaluate the feasibility and curative effect of thymectomy for myasthenia gravis (MG) by video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery (VATS) through right anterior-lateral approach.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Fifty-six patients of MG were treated with thoracoscopic thymectomy and mediastinal fat dissection through right anterior-lateral approach from August 2001 to October 2007. The feasibility, safety, complication and remission for MG were retrospectively analyzed.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Fifty-five operations were completed by VATS. The mean operative time and blood loss were (96.2 +/- 52.1) min and (68.7 +/- 21.4) ml, respectively. The brachiocephalic vein injury by the electric coagulator occurred in two cases and one of them performed thoracotomy for homeostasis, the other performed ligation. The postoperative pathology showed hyperplasia in 38 cases, atrophy in 5 cases, thymoma in 12 cases and cyst of thymus in 1 case. And the operative complication included one myasthenia crisis (1.8%) at the third day and one death (1.8%) at the eighth day because of postoperative hemorrhage. The average length of stay was (7.9 +/- 2.9) d. All cases were followed up from one to seventy months. Eight (14.3%) of complete remission, 39 cases (69.6%) of partial remission and 7 cases (12.5%) of no change were found. The total effective rate was 83.9%.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>Thoracoscopic thymectomy through right anterior lateral approach is technically feasible, safe and minimally invasive. It has a high remission rate for MG.</p>